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SUMMING UP FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY:Problems with Risk Assessment, Expert Witness

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Forensic Psychology (PSY - 513)
VU
Lesson 45
SUMMING UP FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY
Objective
To review the all main topics that we have learned so far.
Summing up
In this lecture we will look back to revise that what we have learned hitherto. First of all we looked at
the breadth and definition of Forensic psychology.
"Forensic Psychology is reflected by any application of psychological knowledge or methods to a task
faced by the legal system".
Then we touched the area of police psychology, Application of psychology is immensely important in
police department as being the single law enforcement agency. We need police psychologists for the:
Assessment
Selection and recruitment
Training
Support and Counseling
Helping in investigations
We also dwell in much depth about the psychology of violence and perspective of different
psychological models like:
Freudian Model
How inflated egos can resort to violence and what defense mechanisms can be the cause of any crime.
Jungian Model
While learning about Jungian model we had a discussion about the inflated archetypes and resulted
violence and aggression.
Humanistic Model
Behaviorist model
Crimnogenic personalities
Childhood abuse and trauma can develop a person into crimnogenic personality. Following personality
disorders are strongly linked with the violence and legal issues:
Personality Disorders
Antisocial Personality
Narcissistic Personality
Paranoid Personality
Borderline Personality
Anti social personality disorder is considered to be directly linked with the exertion of aggression and
violence. Although Borderline personality directly does not practice any violence but becomes an easy
prey and legal issues like prostitution, suicides rise on the surface.
Risk Assessment
Another area that requires psychologist's service is future risk assessment, prior release risk assessment
is done with the help of two types of instruments:
Static Instruments:
PCL-R, Static 99
Dynamic Instruments:
VRS, HCR-20
Static factors refer towards the unchangeable things that like the child hood trauma and abuse of
criminal.
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Forensic Psychology (PSY - 513)
VU
Dynamic factors refer towards the changeable factors like if a person is taking heroine as a drug or
keeping weapons, once he decided to quit and quitted the addiction so risk factor is eliminated.
Problems with Risk Assessment
We also touched the controversial issue of unpredictable nature of human beings and implication of
statistical tools for predicting future risk.
Subjective
Statistical
Forensic treatment
In the realm of treatment we learned about the therapies like narrative therapy
Narrative Therapy
Proved useful with prisoners
People live out stories
Prisoners have negative stories
Therapist collects positive events
Weaves them into a positive story
Questions are the most important technique
Along with NT we also dwell into details of Solution focused Therapy, Art Therapy, Drama Therapy,
Role Play, Empty Chair, Role Reversal and many other techniques.
Expert Witness
Another duty of a Forensic psychologist is to write reports for courts as an expert witness. We learned
the method of report writing and few elemental things like:
You work for the courts and not for lawyers
Use as much objective evidence as possible
Opinion should be based on factual evidence
We also splurge two lectures understanding the problem and treatment of substance misuse.
Point to ponder! In Pakistan Forensic Psychology is a new emerging field, there is a crucial need
to hire psychologist in police department and other civil and criminal courts and settings.
References:
Wrightsman, L. S. (2001). Forensic psychology. Belmont, CA:
Bartol, C. & Bartol, A. (2004). Introduction to Forensic Psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Handbook of Psychology, Volume 11. Forensic psychology / edited by Alan M. Goldstein and
published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/psy/psylect01.htm
http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/dpr8.pdf
http://careerfocus.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/323/7316/S2-7316
http://bjp.rcpsych.org/cgi/content/full/190/49/s66
http://mentalhelp.net/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=629&cn=8
http://www.swin.edu.au/victims/resources/assessment/personality/psychopathy_checklist.html
http://www.tara4bpd.org/bpd.html
http://www.islamcan.com/99names/index.shtml
http://www.islamweb.net.qa/ver2/archive/article.php?lang=E&id=17525
http://www.athealth.com/Practitioner/ceduc/parentingstyles.htmlv
http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/bandura.htm
http://www.juliantrubin.com/bigten/skinnerbox.html
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Forensic Psychology (PSY - 513)
VU
http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/behsys/classcnd.html
http://www.paralumun.com/dreamjung.htm
http://www.kheper.net/topics/Jung/typology.html
http://www.victorianweb.org/science/freud/develop.html
http://www.psichi.org/pubs/articles/article_58.asp http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/428/sampprof.htm
http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/psy/psylect03.htm
http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/psy/psylect04.htm
http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/psy/psylect06.htm
http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/428/428lect16.htm
http://www.heavybadge.com/efstress.htm
http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/417/417lect09.htm
http://speakout.com/activism/issue_briefs/1165b-1.html
http://www.apadiv31.org/Coop/ForensicPsychology.pdf
http://www.johnhoward.ab.ca/PUB/C21.htm
http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/famous/sheppard2/class_4.html
http://www.crimeandclues.com/92feb003.html
http://www.wcupa.edu/_ACADEMICS/sch_cas.psy/Career_Paths/Forensic/Career08.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_confession
http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/315/315lect01.htm
http://www.criminalprofiling.ch/introduction.html
http://www.serialkillercalendar.com/killerextrascrimescenes.html
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Table of Contents:
  1. INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY:Future of Forensic Psychology
  2. INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC PSYCHOOGY:Way of police investigation
  3. FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY AND POLICE:Violent Criminals
  4. POLICE PSYCHOLOGY:Use of excessive force, Corruption, Personnel Selection
  5. POLICE PSYCHOLOGY:Fitness-for-Duty Evaluation (FFDE), False Confessions
  6. INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY:For instance, Empirical and logical approach
  7. INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY:Crime Scene Investigation, Staging
  8. PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE:Law of Conservation of Energy, Super ego
  9. PSYCHOANALYTIC MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Fixation at Oral Stage
  10. PSYCHOANALYTIC MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Defense Mechanism, Rationalization
  11. JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY AND VIOLENCE:Freudian Methods, JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY
  12. JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY AND VIOLENCE:Religion and mental illnesses
  13. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Shadow’s violence, Child’s violence
  14. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Operant Conditioning
  15. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Schedules of Punishment
  16. SOCIAL LEARNING MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Observational learning, Vicarious punishment
  17. MORAL DEVELOPMENT AND VIOLENCE:Symbolic functioning, Formal operational stage
  18. BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL MODEL:Mental hospitals are factories of abuse
  19. ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ABOUT VIOLENCE:Morality is essential
  20. ISLAMIC MODEL:Nafs al-Ammara, Nafs al-Lawwama, Nafs ul Naatiqa
  21. TREATMENTS FOR THE SOUL:Tawba, Sabr o Shukr, Niyyat o Ikhlaas, Taffakkur
  22. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY:Personality Disorders, Common Crimes
  23. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY AND VIOLENCE:Mnemonic, Similarities
  24. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY AND VIOLENCE:Terrorism and Psychopaths
  25. LEARNING DISABILITIES/MENTAL RETARDATION AND VIOLENCE
  26. ASSESSMENT OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS:Reasons for referral, Personality Inventories
  27. ASSESSMENT OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS:Different cutoff scores
  28. RISK ASSESSMENT:Violence reduction scale, Stability of Family upbringing
  29. TREATMENT OF VIOLENT BEHAVIOR / PERSONALITY PSYCHODYNAMIC PSYCHOTHERAPY
  30. JUNGINA THERAPEUTIC MODEL:Limits of re-parenting, Personality Typologies
  31. GROUP THERAPY FOR OFFENDERS:Learning in Groups, Humanistic Groups
  32. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Narrative Therapy
  33. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Solution Focused Therapy
  34. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Avoiding reactance, Externalization
  35. PSYCHOTHERAPY IN FORENSIC SETTINGS AND SPECIAL CHALLENGES
  36. FORENSIC PSYCHOTHERAPY:Exploring therapeutic alliance, Music Therapy
  37. VIOLENCE REDUCTION PROGRAM:Target Population, Lack of motivation
  38. VIOLENCE REDUCTION PROGRAM:Criminal attitude, Interpersonal Aggression
  39. VICTIM SUPPORT:Main features of PTSD, Emotional Support
  40. VICTIM SUPPORT:Debriefing, Desensitization, Eidetic Therapy, Narrative Therapy
  41. SUBSTANCE MISUSE TREATMENT PROGRAM:Marijuana, Unconventional drugs
  42. SUBSTANCE MISUSE TREATMENT PROGRAM:Stages of Change, Homosexuality
  43. EXPERT WITNESS:Insanity Pleas, Sexual Offence Risk, Instructions
  44. COUNTER TERRORISM:Misconceptions, Psychologists & Propaganda war
  45. SUMMING UP FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY:Problems with Risk Assessment, Expert Witness