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COORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF TELEVISION - 2 SUB-DEPARTMENTS AND SMALL SECTIONS

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TV News Reporting and Production ­ MCM 516
VU
LESSON 44
COORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF TELEVISION - 2
SUB-DEPARTMENTS AND SMALL SECTIONS
(ENGINEERING, TRANSPORT, FINANCE, ACCOUNTS AND MARKETING)
In previous lectures we have discussed the television setup and its departments on international level
as well as on national level but in this lecture we will focus the sub-departments and smaller sections
in a telecast organization which obviously are of very simple structure and not as much of size like
other departments but these contribute a lot in the process of production rather it would be appropriate
to say that the production is not even possible without the collaboration and cooperation of such
sections.
The Departments on international level include Sales, Entertainment, owned and operated stations,
Affiliated Relations, News, Sports, Standards and Operations while the departments on national level
include Human Resources or Administration & Personnel Department, Programmes Department,
News Department, Current Affairs Department, Sports Department, International Relations
Department, Engineering Department, Training Courses, Marketing, Information Technology and
Finance Department.
The Sub-Departments of television set up include Programmes Department, Camera Department,
Design Department, Make-up and Presentation Section.
Now we will discuss the role and functions of these sub-departments and related smaller
sections.
Sub-Departments
Programmes Department
This Department deals with the production of general entertainment programmes. It is headed by a
Programmes Manager and has Producer Programmes administration, Script Editor, Executive
producers of different kinds of programmes like Music, drama, documentary, events and general
assignments. All the senior producers, producers, associate producers, and assistant producers as well
as programme assistants and production assistants are part of this department.
Camera Department
This is a sub department of programmes production Department. It is headed by chief cameraman and
is supported by senior cameramen, cameramen, camera assistants, light men, lighting assistants, cable
men and still photographer. These all staff members work as per their duty schedule and the
recordings of the programmes.
Design Department
This department is responsible for set designing and erection of sets in the studios and outdoors of
various a TV network programmes. It is headed by the Design Manager and consists of senior
designers, designers and associate designers along with other support staff like welders, carpenters,
painters and studio hands to facilitate a producer for the recordings of different indoor as well as
outdoor programmes.
Make-up
This is also a sub-section of programmes department and it deals with the makeup, makeovers and get-
ups of the talents according to the nature of their performances. The Chief make-up artist heads it and
then there are both male and female make-up artists to make the actors, anchors, comperes and
newscasters, screen-friendly by their partial and full makeup as the heavy and flooding lights of studio
make the faces too bright and intense on screen if there is no makeup treatment done on the faces of
talents.
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TV News Reporting and Production ­ MCM 516
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Presentation Section
This section comes under programmes department and is headed by a Presentation chief followed by
the transmission supervisors and duty officers to handle the scheduling and telecast of programmes
and advertisements. The section at any station has a liaison with the Programme planning department
at headquarters to make the daily cue sheet and the quarterly fixed-point chart.
Other related sections
Script Section
This section receives all the ideas submitted by the producers and other corners. It also evaluates the
scripts of all the programmes. All kinds of drama scripts as in series or serial, linking scripts as in
magazine shows, research scripts as in documentaries as well as lyrics of songs are submitted and
checked by the script section. Moreover the script editor is also the member of the previewing
committee. It comprises of a script clerk who stamps the scripts for payment to the writers and
researchers.
Library
This section is normally supervised by script section and has the broadcast media and television
production related books for the study of producers to keep them enlightened. National and
international Urdu and English dailies are also placed for latest updates in economic, financial and
political scenario.
Panning Cell
Planning cell a vital part of programmes department is headed by a Senior Planning Officer. This cell
issues different working schedules and facilitates the producers to make all kinds of planning for the
recording of different programmes.
Traffic Cell
This cell keeps the record of Masters tapes, Blank tapes and Chunk tapes issued and received by the
different producers. It notes down the previously recorded programme on the tape or tapes to be given
which have been televised or used and declares that now the tape or tapes can be used for the purpose
shown on schedule after checking carefully in the presence of concerned producer. However VTR
engineer and producer are also requested to check each tape well before the scheduled work.
ENG store
This section is responsible for issuing ENG equipment which includes Neck microphone, Hand
microphone, Cordless Neck Microphone, Cordless Hand Microphone, Boom / fish-pool Microphone,
Baby light, Kit light, Sun gun, Ultra light, Reflector, Battery Charger and Monitor.
Technical Store
This is responsible for issuing technical equipment like batteries, cells, CDs, adapters for mini DVs
and the maintenance as well as repair of any equipment damaged during the recording of a television
programme.
Properties store
This is responsible for providing all material to be used on the set. The producer of the programme to
designs department intimates all the required properties on the set of a television programme. The
supply, hire or purchase of the properties is the responsibility of this section.
Wardrobe
This section keeps all kind of dresses and costumes and get-ups to be used by the artistes and for the
performers in dramas. The dresses are kept in the wardrobe to maintain the continuity in appearance of
a serial or series.
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Studio
The actual place where the all activities take place during recording and it includes floor and horizon,
cameras and boom microphones, set of the set, lighting grids, platforms, seating arrangement for
audience participatory programmes, place for the artists and the technical staff.
Workshops
It is the work place for welders, painters and carpenters to prepare and install the sets in to the studios.
Transport
This section is responsible for providing logistic support to the producer. The fleet of all the vehicles is
controlled and managed by the transport officer or supervisor.
MCR
Master Control Room is the place from where the final output signal received from the studios is
telecast with the superimpositions of the names, emails, telephone numbers, titles, end credits and last
but not the least the channel logo.
VTR
Video Tape Room is the used for a consolidated activity of editing, music mixing, sound effects,
graphics and animations a programme. The linear editing and NLE is also done in this section.
Moreover it records the live programme for the archives of the channel.
PCR
Production Control Room is normally known as panel and it includes monitors wall with cam 1, cam
2, cam 3 etc. Camera Control unit with waveform monitors, audio console, vision mixer or switcher,
recording equipment and lighting switchboard. It is the technical are to get and process the resultant
output by the cameras placed into the studios.
CRE
Central room for Equipment is adjacent to master control room and is responsible to throw the signal
off air through transmitter as it has all the technical equipments for this purpose. It collaborates with
the other channels of same network.
AFU
Audio Facility Unit is the section that has the archival audio pieces, all kinds of sound effects and
different types of music to be used for various programmes. Capable and competent audio engineers
handle all work in this section.
Graphics
This section is responsible for Animations, titles, end credits, super-imposed material and chroma
keying. Moreover the results of events, graphs and other relevant visual material like still photos and
drawings are also prepared by this section.
Duty Officer
This office monitors the transmission going on air and keeps a record of what all goes on air including
programmes and advertisements. Moreover this section also deals with the payments to the talents of
different TV programmes.
Media Cell
Media Manager or Public Relations officer works for press coverage, protocol duties, media liaison,
publicity and advertising, image building and public opinion formation. He or she welcomes the TV
journalists, arranges media briefings for the channel, manages launching shows, plans premier show
and issues news and photo releases to the print media.
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Security
The security officer along with the group of guards keeps an eye on all the expensive technical TV
equipment and the other movements in a TV station. It keeps the record of all kinds of visitors.
Exchange
It is essential part of a TV set up for the internal and external communication and coordination with
the co-workers and talent.
Reception
It is to receive and facilitate the talent, artists, participants and visitors with gate passes.
Canteen
It is for the refreshment of employees and artists coming for recording of a programme.
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Table of Contents:
  1. CREATIVITY AND IDEA GENERATION FOR TELEVISION:Video Procedures
  2. PRE-REQUISITES OF A CREATIVE PRODUCER/DIRECTOR:SET-UP RESPONSIBILITIES
  3. REFINING AN IDEA FOR PRODUCTION:Drama, Magazine Shows, Documentary
  4. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT:Variable. Pure and applied research
  5. RESEARCH AND REVIEWS:Research Procedure, Review of available literature
  6. SCRIPT WRITING:Elements of a successful story, Characters, Effects
  7. PRE-PRODUCTION PHASE:Indoor production, Outdoor production, Essentials of PBE
  8. SELECTION OF REQUIRED CONTENT AND TALENT:Camera rehearsal
  9. PROGRAMME PLANNING:Checklist, Electronic Field Production (EFP)
  10. PRODUCTION PHASE:Floor plan, Traditional set, Representational set, Design elements
  11. CAMERA WORK:Movement of lens of camera, Types of shots
  12. LIGHT AND AUDIO:Importance of sound in TV, Use of microphone, Loudness
  13. DAY OF RECORDING/PRODUCTION:Rehearsals,Point to ponder
  14. LINEAR EDITING AND NLE:Episode, Scene, Editing, Production Switcher
  15. MIXING AND USES OF EFFECTS:Live Sound Effects, ARROW STRIKING
  16. SELECTION OF THE NEWS:Elements of news, Timeliness, proximity
  17. WRITING OF THE NEWS:The inverted pyramid, Lead, Credit line
  18. EDITING OF THE NEWS:Characteristics of good news:Process of editing a news
  19. COMPILATION OF NEWS BULLETIN:Hard news, Soft news, Investigative report
  20. PRESENTATION OF NEWS BULLETIN
  21. MAKING SPECIAL BULLETINS:Agriculture, Show biz, Fashion, Drama
  22. TECHNICAL CODES, TERMINOLOGY, AND PRODUCTION GRAMMAR
  23. TYPES OF TV PRODUCTION:Magazine Shows, Specific audience programming
  24. DRAMA AND DOCUMENTARY:Documentary film, Defining documentary
  25. SOURCES OF TV NEWS:Reporters, Correspondents, Monitoring, News Agency
  26. FUNCTIONS OF A REPORTER
  27. BEATS OF REPORTING:City reporter, Social reporters, Show-biz reporter
  28. STRUCTURE OF NEWS DEPARTMENT:Beat Reporters, Online media
  29. ELECTRONIC FIELD PRODUCTION:Sports, Electronic news gathering
  30. LIVE TRANSMISSIONS:Studio floor, Switcher, Master control room, Camera control units
  31. QUALITIES OF A NEWS PRODUCER:Determination, Awareness, Sharp an active
  32. DUTIES OF A NEWS PRODUCER
  33. ASSIGNMENT/NEWS EDITOR:Accuracy, Fairness and Reliability, Conflict
  34. SHOOTING A NEWS FILM:The Influence of telecast News
  35. PREPARATION OF SPECIAL REPORTS:Uncovering Truth, Reportage
  36. INTERVIEWS, VOX POPS AND PUBLIC OPINIONS:INTERVIEW, Information
  37. BACK GROUND VOICE AND VOICE OVER:Natural or Raw Sound, Sound Effects
  38. SPOKEN WORDS AND RELEVANT VISUALS:Digital Audio, Quantizing Error
  39. TALK SHOWS, FORUMS AND DISCUSSION PROGRAMMES
  40. FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS OF A TV SET UP
  41. PROGRAMMES DEPARTMENT:Program content, Television series by genre
  42. NEWS AND CURRENT AFFAIRS THE PROGRAMMING & SCHEDULING
  43. COORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF TELEVISION
  44. COORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF TELEVISION - 2 SUB-DEPARTMENTS AND SMALL SECTIONS
  45. COORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF TELEVISION 3