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TV News Reporting and Production MCM 516

LESSON 14

LINEAREDITING AND NLE

Thedifferent mediums of performing artsare dependent on distinctive personswho are the backbone of

anyparticular medium.

Film is a director medium.

Theater is an actor medium.

Radio is a speaker medium.

Television is a producer medium.

After the recording is completed with the announcement of "pack up" the recorded material on different

tapescalled "Chunks" in form of bits and pieces of scenes and shots with tapes numbered and marked

aretaken to the editing deskfor post-production.

It is always good to have noting of all recorded chunks on a paper by the producer or any of the

assistants, as it is the guideline for the editing.The noting shouldhave:

Episode

Scene

Take

Writingall these details in a register will be helpful duringediting of the programme as it is said,

"Memorandum is always better thanmemory"

Onemust not put the memory in to examination and written matter is always recorded.

Editing

Theword edit is synonymous to prepare, correct, tidy up, check over, revise, amend, change, alter,

modify, adjust, transform. It is to trim or better, add or remove from the existingwritten matter or visual

material.The words of editor, editorial,sub-editor, editor and chiefeditor are derived from the same.

Editing suite/room

Theediting apparatus consists of a panel like a keyboard of a computer added by a round knob to shuttle

and jog on machines having recorded material with differentmonitors for the separatedisplay. Usually

there are three recording machinesused as:

Player 1

Player 2

Recorder

Players are the sources that supply the chunks recorded in bits and pieces.Normally first player has the

basicvisuals that are mainvideo and player two has the secondary data that can be background voice or

some strips, graphics, names to be super-imposed, overlaid or inserted on the primary video while the

recorder takes the final output given by the both players.

Types of Editing

Thereare two types of editing techniques used according to machines.

LinearEditing

Non-linearEditing (NLE)

LinearEditing

It is time bound as a particulartime code is followed to access different data.

It is done on and by videocassettes andtapes.

Videocassettesplayers and recorders areused in it.

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TV News Reporting and Production MCM 516

Non-linearEditing (NLE)

It is not time bound as with a single keystroke or mouseclick different data can be accessed.

It is done on computers as the data is transferred from tapes to computers.

Varioussoftware programmes are used in it.

Editor

Editor is the one who plays a vitalrole in post-production phase.Like director, cameramanand

designer,editor also has a directimpact on any programme production.The harmony and coordination

between the editor and the producer is verynecessary as the editing caneither polish or tarnish the

finishedproduct.

During the process of editing the synchronization and equation of both the producer and editor is very

importantand it speeds up the pace or the work as well as it improves the programme quality.

The choice of editing either linear or non-linear solely depends on the producer, as s/he has to anticipate

the needs according to availabletechnical facilities. Linearediting is in vogue now a day due to its

variety of effects, more options and provision of more audio and video layers to make a programme

more colourful and bright howeverlinear editing is speedy and less time-consuming.

Production Switcher

Theswitcher is an 18-input videoswitcher designed for bothlive production and post-production.Like

anyvideo switcher, the canperform video transitionssuch as wipes, mixes, keys,etc. The alone is not

capable of digital video effects.

Theswitcher is a very complexdevice with many levels of operational functions. To keep things as

simple as possible, we will focus primarily on the Downstream Bus Rows consisting of the preview and

programbuses (bottom two) withonly occasional use of the KeyBus Row and the M/E BusRows (top

two).For most projects the set-upfunctions of the switcher will be preset by the instructor.During

rehearsal,Technical Directors (TDs)are encouraged to ask questions of the instructor in order to fully

understand the steps necessary for a successfully switched program. However, instead of simply

memorizing a set of keystrokes, we encourage you to attempt to fully understand the processthat is at

work.

The18-input switcher has sixteenvideo bus inputs and twoauxiliary inputs.

BLK Black Video

R.S.Routing Switcher

CAM 1

CAM 2

CAM 3

VTR 1

VTR 2

DEKO 1 Graphics

DEKO 2 Graphics

CB Color Bars

COLORBackground color generator

M/E Mix/Effects bank

In addition, the student will utilize the Downstream Transition Group consisting of the following

buttons:

BKG MIX Mixes between the program and previewbuses

UNI KEY MIX Mixes in the video signal feeding the uni keyer

DS KEY MIX Mixes in the video signal feeding the downstream keyer

FADE Mixes to or from black

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TV News Reporting and Production MCM 516

Downstream Fader and the Downstream Auto-transitionGroup consisting of the following buttons can

also be used:

TRANPerforms the selected transition at a rate specified in the setuppanel

TRAN REV Performs the selected transition in reverseorder

CUTPerforms a cut or instantaneous transition.

Switcher Inputs

BLACK

ROUTINGSWITCHER

VTR 1 (DVC PRO 1)

VTR 2 (DVC PRO 2)

VTR 3 (BETA SP PB/REC)

VTR 4 (BETA SP PB)

VTR 5 (3/4 INCH)

CAMERA 1

CAMERA 2

CAMERA 3

CAMERA 4

SYNCHRONIZER

COLORBARS

DEKO 1

DEKO 2

TOASTER 2

A51

COLOR

M/E