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VIOLENCE REDUCTION PROGRAM:Criminal attitude, Interpersonal Aggression

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Forensic Psychology (PSY - 513)
VU
Lesson 38
VIOLENCE REDUCTION PROGRAM
Objective
To know about the salient features of violent reduction program
We have been talking that how to help people get a new way. Prisons are reformative institutions but we
know the fact that no such interventions and structures are present there. So for this purpose Wong and
Gordon developed the VRP in Canada and now this program is also being employed in many other
countries as well. Let's get back to the salient features of VRP.
Criminal attitude
First of all there is a need to separate attitude from criminal personality, although there is no crystal
clear difference in attitude and personality because if attitude improves as a result personality does too.
But criminal attitude is changeable so targeted in VRP.
Work Ethic
Work ethics and aggression are closely correlated. As we all know that people lacing in work ethics
moves towards crime. What is work ethics? Work ethics is to work honestly and with quality.
Developing work ethic is an important step in intervention. Clients are reinforced if they show interest
in work and show quality, as quality is also essential feature of work ethic. Client is persuaded to work
whole heartedly, keeping quality so offender is ready to work out side the prison. In our cultural and
religious context offenders can be told that work is also prayer.
Low quality________________ Termination of Job_______________ back to theft. Robbery, substance
abuse.
Criminal Peers
Living in prisons an offender would definitely encounter the company of other criminals but therapist
stresses to live in company of peers who are also interested in change and want to abide the life of
crimes. And this change can be easily assessed by getting the reports from prison staff.
Interpersonal Aggression
How interpersonal aggressions differ from violence? If interpersonal relationships suffer from
aggression, shouting and abusive language and a therapist have succeeded in creating changing in
interpersonal aggression the treatment is forwarding in the right direction.
Community Support
Therapist try to create community support for offender, as we have already discussed that Client has to
go back to the community and if community is supportive future violence are reduced. And if this
support is not possible then client is persuaded to live in a community that is supportive. Like if after
release, start living in a community where substances are frequently sold and used then there are more
chances of relapse and all other related crimes and problems. Prior to release, therapist incorporate the
family of offender in the treatment and they are taught and encouraged to recognize and avoid the issues
that can cause offender to land again in prison.
Released to high risk situation
A person who is released to high risk situation has more chances to re-offend like a person who has
killed the 6 members of a family and effected family has warned that they will kill him at his release.
And there are chances if he is released in high risk situation either he will become a prey or will murder
some other people to save his life. So on first place high risk release is to be avoided or release is kept
secret and fictitious names are awarded and identities are changes so person can settle in outside the
prison.
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Forensic Psychology (PSY - 513)
VU
Violence Cycle
Violence is a vicious cycle, all factors are interconnected. To break this cycle therapist make the client
to realize that he has been trapped in this cycle and how to come out of this.
Impulsivity
Impulsivity means behaving with out thinking. Impulsivity is also reactive. Clients are taught that how
to control impulsivity by placing their favorite things in front of them and asking them to control their
impulses. Impulse control is important but astonishingly simple to treat.
Cognitive Distortion
Cognitive distortion means wrong thoughts that are being considered right and these thoughts are many
times reasons for violent behaviors. Like if you get late to your office and your Boss scolds you. You
start thinking now this is the end of the world and until or unless I do not react I can not maintain
dignity in the eyes of my colleagues' e.t.c.
Some time cognitive distortions are governing us and are very common in our culture. And if do not
lead to violence can lead to depression. So use of knowledge and sensible thinking is very important.
Compliance with community supervision
As per parole if offender does not visit the psychologist, social worker or report police station then there
are more chances that client will re-offend. In such situations community and family support is sought.
Security level of anticipated release institution
This phenomenon is not important and applicable in our country. With the multi-disciplinary team, the
forensic psychotherapist needs to differentiate between the patient who has made significant
psychological progress and could move to a less-secure environment, the patient whose level of illness
remains severe and the one who falsely believes himself or herself to be better and engages in either a
conscious deception or an unconscious pseudo-compliance ought not to be moves in less secure level.
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Table of Contents:
  1. INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY:Future of Forensic Psychology
  2. INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC PSYCHOOGY:Way of police investigation
  3. FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY AND POLICE:Violent Criminals
  4. POLICE PSYCHOLOGY:Use of excessive force, Corruption, Personnel Selection
  5. POLICE PSYCHOLOGY:Fitness-for-Duty Evaluation (FFDE), False Confessions
  6. INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY:For instance, Empirical and logical approach
  7. INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY:Crime Scene Investigation, Staging
  8. PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE:Law of Conservation of Energy, Super ego
  9. PSYCHOANALYTIC MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Fixation at Oral Stage
  10. PSYCHOANALYTIC MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Defense Mechanism, Rationalization
  11. JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY AND VIOLENCE:Freudian Methods, JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY
  12. JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY AND VIOLENCE:Religion and mental illnesses
  13. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Shadow’s violence, Child’s violence
  14. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Operant Conditioning
  15. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Schedules of Punishment
  16. SOCIAL LEARNING MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Observational learning, Vicarious punishment
  17. MORAL DEVELOPMENT AND VIOLENCE:Symbolic functioning, Formal operational stage
  18. BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL MODEL:Mental hospitals are factories of abuse
  19. ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ABOUT VIOLENCE:Morality is essential
  20. ISLAMIC MODEL:Nafs al-Ammara, Nafs al-Lawwama, Nafs ul Naatiqa
  21. TREATMENTS FOR THE SOUL:Tawba, Sabr o Shukr, Niyyat o Ikhlaas, Taffakkur
  22. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY:Personality Disorders, Common Crimes
  23. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY AND VIOLENCE:Mnemonic, Similarities
  24. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY AND VIOLENCE:Terrorism and Psychopaths
  25. LEARNING DISABILITIES/MENTAL RETARDATION AND VIOLENCE
  26. ASSESSMENT OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS:Reasons for referral, Personality Inventories
  27. ASSESSMENT OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS:Different cutoff scores
  28. RISK ASSESSMENT:Violence reduction scale, Stability of Family upbringing
  29. TREATMENT OF VIOLENT BEHAVIOR / PERSONALITY PSYCHODYNAMIC PSYCHOTHERAPY
  30. JUNGINA THERAPEUTIC MODEL:Limits of re-parenting, Personality Typologies
  31. GROUP THERAPY FOR OFFENDERS:Learning in Groups, Humanistic Groups
  32. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Narrative Therapy
  33. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Solution Focused Therapy
  34. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Avoiding reactance, Externalization
  35. PSYCHOTHERAPY IN FORENSIC SETTINGS AND SPECIAL CHALLENGES
  36. FORENSIC PSYCHOTHERAPY:Exploring therapeutic alliance, Music Therapy
  37. VIOLENCE REDUCTION PROGRAM:Target Population, Lack of motivation
  38. VIOLENCE REDUCTION PROGRAM:Criminal attitude, Interpersonal Aggression
  39. VICTIM SUPPORT:Main features of PTSD, Emotional Support
  40. VICTIM SUPPORT:Debriefing, Desensitization, Eidetic Therapy, Narrative Therapy
  41. SUBSTANCE MISUSE TREATMENT PROGRAM:Marijuana, Unconventional drugs
  42. SUBSTANCE MISUSE TREATMENT PROGRAM:Stages of Change, Homosexuality
  43. EXPERT WITNESS:Insanity Pleas, Sexual Offence Risk, Instructions
  44. COUNTER TERRORISM:Misconceptions, Psychologists & Propaganda war
  45. SUMMING UP FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY:Problems with Risk Assessment, Expert Witness