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TREATMENTS FOR THE SOUL:Tawba, Sabr o Shukr, Niyyat o Ikhlaas, Taffakkur

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Forensic Psychology (PSY - 513)
VU
Lesson 21
TREATMENTS FOR THE SOUL
Objective
To understand the treatments of illnesses of soul.
Another unique contribution of Hazrat Imam Ghazali is the treatment for the illnesses of the soul.
Treatments of the souls
Hazrat Imam Ghazali talked about following Islamic treatments:
Tawba
Sabr o Shukr,
Khauf o Rija
Faqr o Zuhd
Niyyat o Ikhlaas
Muhasiba o Muraqiba
Taffakkur
Tawhid o tawwakkul
Shauq o Muhabbat
Thinking about Death and Aakhirat
Tawba
Tawba is the basic process of the Islamic treatment of mental illnesses. Repentance (tawba) means that
one feels regret and, filled with remorse for his or her sins, turns to God with the intention to obey Him.
Repentance means regaining one's essential purity and engaging in frequent self-renewal. The stages of
repentance are:
Feeling sincere remorse and regret
Being frightened whenever one remembers past sins
Trying to eradicate injustice and support justice and right
Reviewing one's responsibilities and performing obligations previously neglected
Reforming oneself by removing spiritual defects caused by deviation and error
Regretting and lamenting the times when one did not mention or remember God, or
thank Him and reflect on His works. Such people are always apprehensive and alert so
that their thoughts and feelings are not tainted by things that intervene between
themselves and God. (This last quality is particular to people distinguished by their
nearness to God.)
On sincere repentance, Mawlana Jalal al-Din al-Rumi says:
I have repented and turned to God so sincerely
That I will not break [the vow of penitence] until my soul leaves my body.
In fact, who other than an ass steps toward perdition
After having suffered so much trouble (on account of his sins)?
Sabr o Shukr
The next step is Sabr o Shukr, Sabar is much more than mere patience, as a muslim we believe that all
problems comes from Allah, so do "Sabar if some one dies but do not leave the hope if you encounter
any problem. Sabar is more like persistence, Shukar means thanking Allah for all His blessings but
not only when you get any thing but even at that time when you lose some thing. You can find many
reasons to say "Alhamdulliah"
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Forensic Psychology (PSY - 513)
VU
Khauf o Rija
Although it seems pair of two opposites but it has a deep link. Fear of Allah with the hope of "Nijat"
and paradise.
Faqr o Zuhd
Surrendering to the Allah, begging all the things From him not on roads and from any one else . Prayers,
Zikar Allah heals all the diseases.
Niyyat o Ikhlaas
All actions with good intentions and sincerity are another treatment. All actions are purely for Allah.
Muhasiba o Muraqiba
It means meditation, a state and process of focusing and centering.like meditation of death and grave
can avoid an individual from wrong deeds.
Taffakkur
Taffakkur alone is a complete treatment for many illnesses of soul. Thinking about nature, universe, all
blessings of Allah purpose of human creation.
Tawhid o tawwakkul
Firm believe that Allah is only one. Unity of Allah's Worship and only He is my lawyer and beneficial.
Hope (Tawakkul): Tawakkul is greatly associated with worship, as Allah says: "So worship Him (O
Muhammad (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam)) and have Tawakkul in Him." "And put your trust in
the Living One, Who will never die, and glorify His praises; Sufficient He is, in being aware of the
sins of His Ibaad (worshipers)." Therefore to place trust in other than Allah, in matters in which Allah
alone can help is Shirk. This applies to all other worships of the heart, like fear, sincerity,
Shauq o Muhabbat
Prayers should include the element of passionate love for Allah and intense devotion along with fear,
hope and firm believe.
Thinking about Death and Aakhirat
Also keep an individual from crimes, sins, violence and aggression.
Islamic Model: Summary
Literalism is to be avoided.
Literalism comes from juhul.
The spirit of Islamic Shariat must be grasped.
This is possible only with knowledge.
Knowledge of the self leads to knowledge of God
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Table of Contents:
  1. INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY:Future of Forensic Psychology
  2. INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC PSYCHOOGY:Way of police investigation
  3. FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY AND POLICE:Violent Criminals
  4. POLICE PSYCHOLOGY:Use of excessive force, Corruption, Personnel Selection
  5. POLICE PSYCHOLOGY:Fitness-for-Duty Evaluation (FFDE), False Confessions
  6. INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY:For instance, Empirical and logical approach
  7. INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY:Crime Scene Investigation, Staging
  8. PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE:Law of Conservation of Energy, Super ego
  9. PSYCHOANALYTIC MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Fixation at Oral Stage
  10. PSYCHOANALYTIC MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Defense Mechanism, Rationalization
  11. JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY AND VIOLENCE:Freudian Methods, JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY
  12. JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY AND VIOLENCE:Religion and mental illnesses
  13. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Shadow’s violence, Child’s violence
  14. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Operant Conditioning
  15. BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE AND VIOLENCE:Schedules of Punishment
  16. SOCIAL LEARNING MODEL AND VIOLENCE:Observational learning, Vicarious punishment
  17. MORAL DEVELOPMENT AND VIOLENCE:Symbolic functioning, Formal operational stage
  18. BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL MODEL:Mental hospitals are factories of abuse
  19. ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ABOUT VIOLENCE:Morality is essential
  20. ISLAMIC MODEL:Nafs al-Ammara, Nafs al-Lawwama, Nafs ul Naatiqa
  21. TREATMENTS FOR THE SOUL:Tawba, Sabr o Shukr, Niyyat o Ikhlaas, Taffakkur
  22. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY:Personality Disorders, Common Crimes
  23. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY AND VIOLENCE:Mnemonic, Similarities
  24. CRIMINOGENIC PERSONALITY AND VIOLENCE:Terrorism and Psychopaths
  25. LEARNING DISABILITIES/MENTAL RETARDATION AND VIOLENCE
  26. ASSESSMENT OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS:Reasons for referral, Personality Inventories
  27. ASSESSMENT OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS:Different cutoff scores
  28. RISK ASSESSMENT:Violence reduction scale, Stability of Family upbringing
  29. TREATMENT OF VIOLENT BEHAVIOR / PERSONALITY PSYCHODYNAMIC PSYCHOTHERAPY
  30. JUNGINA THERAPEUTIC MODEL:Limits of re-parenting, Personality Typologies
  31. GROUP THERAPY FOR OFFENDERS:Learning in Groups, Humanistic Groups
  32. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Narrative Therapy
  33. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Solution Focused Therapy
  34. PSYCHOTHERAPIES IN FORENSIC SETTINGS:Avoiding reactance, Externalization
  35. PSYCHOTHERAPY IN FORENSIC SETTINGS AND SPECIAL CHALLENGES
  36. FORENSIC PSYCHOTHERAPY:Exploring therapeutic alliance, Music Therapy
  37. VIOLENCE REDUCTION PROGRAM:Target Population, Lack of motivation
  38. VIOLENCE REDUCTION PROGRAM:Criminal attitude, Interpersonal Aggression
  39. VICTIM SUPPORT:Main features of PTSD, Emotional Support
  40. VICTIM SUPPORT:Debriefing, Desensitization, Eidetic Therapy, Narrative Therapy
  41. SUBSTANCE MISUSE TREATMENT PROGRAM:Marijuana, Unconventional drugs
  42. SUBSTANCE MISUSE TREATMENT PROGRAM:Stages of Change, Homosexuality
  43. EXPERT WITNESS:Insanity Pleas, Sexual Offence Risk, Instructions
  44. COUNTER TERRORISM:Misconceptions, Psychologists & Propaganda war
  45. SUMMING UP FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY:Problems with Risk Assessment, Expert Witness