THE PSYCHOLOGICAL TYPES:Childhood, Young Adulthood, Middle Ages

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Personality Psychology PSY 405

Lesson 8

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL TYPES

Even those people, who have not read Jung, are familiar with his famous psychological types. Which are

discussed in his famous book, the psychological types, published in 1921, his main focus is on two types,

introverts, extroverts. Types refer to orientation or the way an individual interacts with other people.

Introverts: The introverts are quiet, imaginative, more interested in staying at home alone, reading or

enjoying one's own company. The introverts are usually labeled as self-centered or book worms and

preferring indoor activities.

Extroverts: Extroverts tend to be sociable, outgoing, an interested in parties, picnics, people and group

activities. They are the ones who loved to be socialized and visit other's rather than staying alone. Along

with these two orientations there are some four functions of our thinking process as well, such as sensing,

thinking, feeling, intuiting. So we get eight types of people, such as thinking extrovert, feeling extrovert,

sensing extrovert, intuiting extrovert, thinking introvert, feeling introvert, sensing introvert, intuiting

introvert.

Stages of Development

Childhood:

From birth to adolescence: During this period the psychic energy is used in learning to walk, to talk and

other skills of survival, than this energy is spend in learning to educate.

Young Adulthood:

From Adolescence to forty years: During this stage, one selects one's profession, gets married, raise

children, and relate to the community. At this level, the person is usually is energetic, outgoing, passionate

and loving.

Middle Ages:

From about forty to later years: This is the most important stage, because almost all biological and

physical needs are satisfied and now individual strives to find meaning in life. So, after material

development, spiritual development begins to take shape.

Life after Retirement:

After active work, one finds refuge in the need to help others, so the task of finding a new meaning

provides energy to continue living further.

Life Goal:

The goal of life is the harmony of the psyche that is combining various parts of the personality in to one.

This is also called the transcendent function or the self.

Individuation:

On the other hand, individuation is the exact opposite of the life goal. Individuation is becoming aware of

each and every part of the psyche such as the anima, animus, shadow, and self.

Causality:

According to Jung, adult personality should be understood in terms of past experiences which guide us, and

provide solution to our problems but our behavior is also guided by teleology that is human behavior is

always guided by past as well as by future. So past experiences push us forward and future goals pull us

ahead.

Synchronicity:

When you dream of a person and shortly in the near future, the person appears in front of you, when you

dream of a place and you visit it in future, when you dream of an event and the event takes place, this is

called meaningful coincidence. The example Abraham Lincoln, who needed Blackstone's commentaries.

Personality Psychology PSY 405

Research Techniques:

Word Association Test: He redesigned Wundt's word association test and used it extensively

with his patient's.

Dream Analysis: For Jung a dream is just what it appears to be. It provides individual with an

awareness and understanding of his problem and solution to the problem as well.

For Jung, personal unconscious, collective unconscious and archetypes are very important. The

unity of all these into self is the goal of life.

Jung's personality theory has a background of history, religion and anthropology (culture and

civilization).

There is emphasis on personality development following a stage of development where

spiritual development is emphasized.

Comparison with Freud:

JUNG

FREUD

His theory is psychological and social in

Freud's theory is biological in nature

emphasis

Emphasis on unification

different

Emphasis on sex and aggression

component of the psyche

Dreams have manifest and latent meaning

Dreams are what in individual sees them

Stages of development are five, beginning from Stages of development are four, focuses from

birth up till adolescence

birth till retirement

Psychological types are provided, introverts

Psychological types are not provided

and extroverts

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