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THE MUSIC II:Classification of Raga In Terms Of Notes, Aado, Khaado

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LESSON 43
THE MUSIC II
Classification of Raga In Terms Of Notes
In terms of notes raga can be classified in three categories which are:
Aado
o
Khaado
o
Sumpooran
o
Aado
Raga that contains 5 notes is called Aado.
Khaado
Raga that contains 6 notes is called Khaado.
Sumpooran
Raga that contains 7 notes is called Sumpooran.
Classification of Ragas In Terms Of Time
Ragas are classified in terms of the time as well. Some of the ragas according to their respective timing are
as under:
Morning Raga
Bheron = Mujh KO Aavaz De` Too Kahan He`.
Mian Ki Todi = Jiss Dinn Se` Pia Dill Le` Gaye`
Noon Raga
Saarang = Gorh Malhaar = Saavan Ki Ghataao
Night Raga
Je` Je` Vanti = Dill Ka Dia Jalaya Mein Ne`
Bagaishri = Latt Uljhi Suljha Ja Re` Baalum
Waadi sur (sonant)
The most frequently used note in a raga is called Waadi sur.
Summ Waadi (consonant)
The second most frequently used note in a raga is Summ Waadi note.
Deo Waadi
The note that does not adjust in raga and spoils the melodious effect is called Deo Waadi.
Composers
Composer is the person who ornaments the poetry by giving it notes and ragas. The tune is given to the
poetry by the composer.
Some renowned and acclaimed composers and some of the famous songs composed by them are:
Salem Iqbal -----------------Chanda tori chandni mein jia jala jaae` re`
Rashid Atre` --------- ------karaar lootne` wale` too karaa to tarse`
aaye mousam rangeele` suhane`, chhtti leke aaja balma
Kh. Khurshid Anwar-------jiss dinn se` pia dill le` gaye`
vaanjhli vaalararia
rimm jhimm pare` phuwaar
Production
The production of the songs require a producer to undergo the following steps.
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Selection of poetry
First of all the poetry is selected, i.e., ghazal, geet, nazm etc.
Some important terms regarding poetry are as under:
Asthai
The 1st couplet of ghazal is called Asthai.
Mukhra
The 1st line of a geet is called Mukhra.
Antraa
The second couplet or stanza of a ghazal or geet is called Antraa.
Selection of composer
While selecting the composer his history record should be kept in view. Composer must be selected
according to the mood of the poetry, i.e. sad, tragic, or romantic.
Selection of singer
Following qualities must be kept in view while selecting a singer.
Pronunciation.
Delivery
Stresses
Pauses
Capacity of the singer.
The natural mood of singers if they are not versatile.
Selection of Musicians
Musicians are those who arrange the instruments in a song. With the consultation of musician and
composer the instruments and instrumentalists are selected.
The track
The arrangement of musical instruments and then its recording is actually the track of the song.
Professionally the track is recorded separately without the singers' voice. The music between antraas or
between asthai & antraas or between antraas is called interlude.
The mixing
The process of mixing track and the singer's voice is called mixing. While mixing the producer must be
careful that instrumental level must not exceed vocalist.
Pubic Service Broadcast
Pubic Service Broadcast aims at doing service to the masses of the community. It is non-profitable
broadcast and its expenditure is borne by either the state or the radio organization.
Areas of public service broadcast
The following are the areas of the public service broadcast.
·
to create awareness
Civic sense
o
Keep the atmosphere clean
o
Abide by traffic laws
o
Drive with dim lights
o
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Fasten the seat belts while driving
o
Donate blood once every three months and save life
o
Health
o
Fight against AIDS , Hepatitis , Polio
o
Vaccination
o
Women's Health
o
Women's education
o
Women's Rights
o
Awareness against Overpopulation
o
Child labour
o
Cleanliness
o
Announcements for lost kids/people
o
Agriculture
To give farmer information about:
Seeds
o
Seedlings
o
Pesticides
o
Irrigation
o
Bowing Season
o
Harvesting Season
o
Information & Use of New Technology
o
Government policies
o
Developments in infrastructure (dams, bridges, roads, schools, hospitals)
o
Government policies
o
Commercial Broadcast
The broadcast by which the radio organization meets its cost and makes profit is called Commercial
Broadcast.
Commercial broadcast is divided in two categories.
Programme is sold
Airtime is sold
Programme is sold
In this case the program is produced by the radio organization and is sold to the sponsors.
Air time is sold
In this case the air time is sold to the sponsor and the sponsor gets the program produced privately and
then it is sent on air.
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Table of Contents:
  1. WHAT RADIO IS:HISTORY OF RADIO, MARCONI –THE INVENTOR
  2. HISTORY OF RADIO:B.B.C. – 1922, Radio in Sub-Continent, PBC SERVICES
  3. OBJECTIVES OF BROADCASTING IN PAKISTAN:Information, Islamic ideology
  4. NEWS VALUES I:CONFLICT, PROGRESS, VICTORY AND DEFEAT
  5. NEWS VALUES II:TIMELINESS, PROXIMITY, NOVELTY, HUMAN INTEREST
  6. NEWS VALUES AND ELEMENTS OF NEWS:MISCELLANEOUS NEWS VALUES
  7. MEASURING THE IMPORTANCE OF NEWS:Intensity of an Event, NEWS STORY TYPES
  8. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES II:SIMPLE TYPES, ILLNESS, DEATH
  9. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES III:Conspiracy, Drug Trafficking, Lunar Months
  10. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES IV:COMPLEX NEWS, Forms of Government, Monarchy
  11. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES V:Education, Research, Religion
  12. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES VI:Lifestyles, Receptions, Entertainment
  13. SOURCES OF NEWS I:Network of Reporters, QUALITIES OF A REPORTER
  14. SOURCES OF NEWS II:MONITORING, NEWS/ PRESS RELEASE
  15. SOURCES OF NEWS III:National News Agencies, HARD NEWS, SOFT NEWS
  16. REPORTING:ORDER OF REPORTING, REPORTER’S QUALITIES, Well informed
  17. A SUCCESSFUL RADIO REPORTER:Briefing, Reporter’s Ammunition, Meeting Deadline
  18. INTERPRETATIVE REPORTING I:Growth of Interpretative Reporting
  19. INTERPRETATIVE REPORTING II:Factual Background, SPEECH STORY
  20. INTERPRETATIVE REPORTING III:FIRES & ACCIDENTS, CRIME STORIES
  21. INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING I:Thalidomide Scandal, Watergate Scandal
  22. INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING II:Identification of the problem, INTERVIEW
  23. TYPES OF INTERVIEW:Hard News Interview, Informational Interview
  24. ESSENTIALS OF A GOOD INTERVIEW I:Comments and Opinion, Topic must be specific
  25. ESSENTIALS OF A GOOD INTERVIEW II:Preparation of the Interview, Language
  26. RADIO NEWS GLOSSARY:Actuality, Cut, Voicer, Wrap, Hourly, Lead
  27. FUNDAMENTALS OF NEWS WRITING:Inverted Pyramided Style, Telling the Story
  28. FUNDAMENTALS OF WRITING NEWS FOR RADIO I:Language
  29. FUNDAMENTALS OF WRITING NEWS FOR RADIO II:Complex numbers
  30. ESSENTIALS OF A NEWSCASTER:Authority, Credibility, Language, Pronunciation
  31. PRODUCTION AND PLANNING:Principals of Planning a Program
  32. PRODUCER & BUDGETING:Strengths of a Radio Program, Budgeting a Program
  33. JARGONS OF PRODUCTION (Continued):Frequency spectrum, Dead studio
  34. TYPES OF TALK:Qualification of a Talker, Essentials of a talk, Vetting a talk
  35. DISCUSSION:Controlled Discussion, Live Discussion, Current affairs
  36. DISCUSSION:Selection of the TopicKnowledge of the Topic, Narrowing down the topic
  37. RADIO FEATURE:Sound Effects, Narration, Dramatic Feature, Religion, Personalities
  38. RADIO DOCUMENTARY:Commentary, History, Persons, Things, Phenomena
  39. DRAMA:Solo plays, Series, Serial, Soap, Components of Drama
  40. SPECIAL AUDIENCE PROGRAM:Children’s Programs, Women’s programs
  41. SPORTS PROGRAM:Live Programs, Recorded Programs, Preparation of OB
  42. THE MUSIC I:Folk Music, Classical Music, Light Music, Pop Music
  43. THE MUSIC II:Classification of Raga In Terms Of Notes, Aado, Khaado
  44. ETHICS & LIMITATIONS OF MEDIA:Domain of Freedom of Media, Defamation
  45. RECAP:What Radio Is, Timeliness, Elements of news, Types of Reporting, Production