Principles
of Management MGT503
VU
Lesson
12.34
MASLOW'S
NEEDS THEORY AND ITS
ANALYSIS
Maslow's
Need Theory
According
to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy
of needs theory, one
of the most widely known
theories of
motivation,
individual needs form a
five-level hierarchy.
1.
Maslow's
hierarchy of needs from the
most basic to the
highest.
a.
Physiological
needs are
basic and include needs for
food, water, and
shelter.
b.
Safety
needs pertain to the
desire to be safe, secure
and free from
threats
to
our existence.
c.
Belongingness
needs involve
the desire to affiliate with
and be accepted
by
others.
d.
Esteem
needs are
related to the two-pronged desire to
have a positive
self-image
and to have our
contributions valued and
appreciated by
others.
e.
Self-actualization
needs pertain to the
requirement of developing our
capabilities
and reaching our full
potential.
2.
Needs
at one level do not have to be completely
fulfilled before the next level
becomes
relevant.
3.
As
needs on one level are
fulfilled, they cease to act as
motivators and tension
develops
to fulfill needs at the next
level.
4.
Recent
studies have raised
questions as to whether the hierarchical
aspect of
Maslow's
theory is applicable to everyone
and whether there might be fewer
than
five
levels of needs.
Analysis
and Weakness of Theory
1.
Five
levels of need are not
always present.
2.
Order
of needs and hierarchy may
not be the same for all
employees.
3.
There
are certainly cultural differences which
the theory did not take
care.
4.
Analyzing
the theory in country and cultural
context, for example in China, the
hierarchy of needs
found
was different than Maslow's
theory.
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