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Index

<< Software Quality: The Key to Successful Software Engineering, Measuring Software Quality, Software Defect Removal
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Index
A
assignment scope, 620
attribute view, 482
abeyant defects, 512
attributes, 60
access control lists (ACLs), 143
attrition benchmarks, 426
acquisition, circa 2049, 204­207
authentication, authorization, and
activities, 60
access, 143
activity-level productivity and
Authorization Oriented
quality benchmarks, 416­417
Architecture (Hamer-Hodges),
actors, 373
administrative access, 143
automated debugging, for defect
administrative rights, 149
removal, 531
adware, 142­143
automated static analysis
Agile
as defect prevention, 523
requirements with embedded
for defect removal, 531­533
users, 456
automated unit testing, for defect
self-organizing Agile teams,
removal, 535­536
award benchmarks, 428­429
taxonomy for software
methodology analysis, 66­67
algorithm view, 481
B
analogy, sizing by, 363­365
back doors, 143­144
appraisals
backfiring, 318
for software personnel, 50­51
sizing legacy applications based
of technical staff, 45­46
approval, 90
bad fixes, 513
approximations, 383
bad-fix injections, 337
architects, 623­624
balanced matrix, 306
architecture
See also matrix management
best practices, 75­77
baselines, best practices, 112­115
circa 2049, 210­213
benchmarking, 408­411
enterprise, 210­213, 475­479
benchmarks
software, 470­475
academic benchmarks, 410
See also service-oriented
activity-level productivity and
architecture (SOA)
quality benchmarks, 416­417
assemblers, 491
assessment benchmarks,
assembly languages, 491
assessment benchmarks, 419­421
award benchmarks, 428­429
645
646
Index
benchmarks (continued)
software maintenance
best practices, 112­115
and customer support
blind benchmarks, 430
benchmarks, 417­418
categories of, 411­413
software outsource vs. internal
chart of accounts for activity-
performance benchmarks, 417
level software benchmarks, 68
software performance
consultant collection for internal
benchmarks, 426­427
benchmarks, 409
software personnel and skill
consultant collection for
benchmarks, 425­426
proprietary benchmarks, 410
software turnover and attrition
corporate software portfolio
benchmarks, 426
benchmarks, 415
software usage benchmarks,
cost of quality (COQ)
benchmarks, 423
types of benchmark studies
customer satisfaction
performed, 429­430
benchmarks, 427
best practices, 39­41
earned-value benchmarks, 422
30 best practices for 1000­ and
hybrid assessment and
10,000­function point
benchmark studies, 421­422
projects, 31
industry benchmarks, 413­414
30 best practices of IT projects
internal collection for internal
and embedded/systems
benchmarks, 409
projects, 32
internal collection for public or
appraisals and career planning
ISBSG benchmarks, 410
for software personnel, 50­51
international software
canceling or turning around
benchmarks, 413
troubled projects, 84­86
ISO quality benchmarks, 424
certification of reusable
methodology, 418­419
materials, 101­107
open benchmarks, 429
certifying methods, tools, and
organizations, 430­431
practices, 64­70
overall software cost and
certifying software engineers,
resource benchmarks, 414
specialists, and managers,
partly open benchmarks, 429­430
phase-level productivity and
communication during software
quality benchmarks, 415­416
projects, 97­99
quality and test coverage
configuration control, 119­120
benchmarks, 422­423
customer support of software
reporting methods for benchmark
applications, 156­158
and assessment data,
defining and evaluating, 7­10
early sizing and scope control of
security benchmarks, 424­425
software applications, 51­53
Six Sigma benchmarks,
executive management support of
software applications, 74­75
software compensation
inspections and static analysis,
benchmarks, 426
software data center
international software standards,
benchmarks, 427
software litigation and failure
minimizing harm from layoffs
benchmarks, 428
and downsizing, 41­45
Index
647
motivation and morale of
software quality assurance
managers and executives,
(SQA), 120­124
software reusability, 99­101
motivation and morale of
software security analysis and
technical staff, 45­47
control, 132­134
outsourcing software
software warranties and recalls,
applications, 53­58
programming or coding,
terminating or withdrawing
legacy applications, 166­167
protecting against viruses,
testing and test library control,
spyware, and hacking,
training clients or users of
protecting intellectual property
software applications,
in software, 136­138
requirements of software
training managers of software
applications, 70­72
projects, 89­91
selecting software methods, tools,
training software technical
and practices, 59­64
personnel, 91­92
selection and hiring of software
updates and releases of software
personnel, 50
applications, 164­165
software architecture and design,
use of software specialists,
software benchmarks and
user involvement in software
baselines, 112­115
projects, 72­73
software change control before
using contractors and
release, 117­119
management consultants,
software change management
after release, 159­161
See also neutral practices; worst
software deployment and
practices
customization, 154­155
black box testing, 128, 329, 533
software maintenance and
See also testing
enhancement, 161­164
blacklists, 148
software performance analysis,
blind benchmarks, 430
bohrbug, 135
software project cost estimating,
books, 258­259, 260­263
bot herders, 144
software project governance,
botnets, 144
browser hijackers, 144
software project measurements
browsing, 244
and metrics, 110­112
bugs, 509­512
software project milestone and
business analysis, 468­470
cost tracking, 115­116
business analysts, 625­626
software project organization
structures, 87­89
C
software project planning, 77­78
canceling troubled projects, best
software project risk analysis,
practices, 84­86
capability-based security, 143
software project value analysis,
career planning, for software
personnel, 50­51
648
Index
cautions and counter indications
conferences, 254­255
customer support
configuration control, best
organizations, 327
practices, 119­120
hierarchical organizations, 304
contractors, best practices, 58­59
matrix organizations, 308
cookie poisoning, 145
one-person projects, 286
cookies, 144­145
pair programming, 289
corporate software portfolio
self-organizing Agile teams, 293
benchmarks, 415
software maintenance
cost, of learning methods, 230
organizations, 321
cost drivers for software
software test organizations, 340
applications, 2
Team Software Process (TSP)
revised sequence circa 2019, 3
teams, 297
cost estimating, best practices,
certification
best practices, 94­97
cost of quality control and defect
circa 2049, 218­220
repairs, 122­123
influence of on defect prevention
cost of quality (COQ), 590­591
and removal, 604
benchmarks, 423
and specialization, 241
cost per defect, 17­18
certification of reusable materials,
cost tracking, best practices,
best practices, 101­107
certification of web sites, 142
cost-estimating tool circa 2049,
certifying methods, tools, and
features, 178­179, 193
practices, best practices, 64­70
costs, of software development, 4­5
change control before release, best
creeping requirements, 457
practices, 117­119
quality impacts of, 584­585
change management after release,
See also requirements creep
best practices, 159­161
critical topics, 19­23
chart of accounts for activity-level
Crosby, Phil, 123
software benchmarks, 68
CrossTalk, 257
class, defined, 65
cumulative defect removal
client management, 90
efficiency, 330, 515
cloud computing, 474­475
currency, 230
code complexity, 393, 451
curricula, proposed, 269­273
code inspections, 125
customer satisfaction, 121
code reuse, as defect
benchmarks, 427
prevention, 521
customer support
code structure, as defect
benchmarks, 417­418
prevention, 525­526
best practices, 156­158
coding, best practices, 107­109
circa 2049, 188­190
colocation, vs. distributed
customer support organizations,
development, 278­281
commercial education, 250­252
customer training, circa 2049,
communication, best practices,
customization, best practices,
compensation benchmarks, 426
compilers, 491
Cutter Journal, 257
complexity of software, 122
cyberextortion, 145
Index
649
cyberstalking, 145
synergies and combinations
cyclomatic complexity, 516, 526
of, 537
defect removal efficiency, 69­70,
D
costs, 599
data center benchmarks, 427
cumulative defect removal
data complexity, 393, 451­452
efficiency, 330, 515
data defects, 513
by defect type, 336
data mining for legacy
levels, 596­597
requirements, 457­458
measuring, 593­600
data quality specialists, 625
defect repair rates, 314
data view, 481­482
defect severity levels, 122, 512, 571
database analysts, 623
accumulation, 595
defect discovery point, 587­588, 589
defects
defect origin point, 588­590
causes, 571
defect potential, 69, 422, 515, 562
defined, 512
overview, 573
defining and predicting,
predicting, 578­579
for a sample application, 580
examples of defects per KLOC
defect prevention, 130­131,
and function point, 582
330­331, 518
kinds of defects occurring in
forms of, 520­529
source code, 509­512
influence of certification on, 604
logistics of software code defects,
international standards, 606
methods and techniques, 602
overview of delivered software
metrics and measures, 604
defects, 574
optimal activities, 575
percentages of defects by
overview, 600­608
origin, 579
proposal for a nonprofit
points of origin, 570
international software quality
predicting, 579­584
foundation, 608­613
delivered defects by
usage patterns of defect
application, 122
prevention methods,
delivered defects, reliability and
customer satisfaction, 600
defect quantities and origins,
delivery productivity, 540­541, 581
demographics
defect removal, 130, 131, 518­520
customer support organizations,
effort accumulation, 594
forms of, 529­537
hierarchical organizations,
forms of software defect removal
activities, 332
matrix organizations, 306
influence of certification on, 604
one-person projects, 284
international standards, 606
pair programming, 288
for legacy applications, 536­537
self-organizing Agile teams, 291
metrics and measures, 604
software maintenance
optimal activities, 575
organizations, 319
overview, 613­619
software quality assurance (SQA)
overview of 80 varieties of
organizations, 345
activities, 615­617
650
Index
demographics (continued)
graduate university education,
software test organizations,
in-house, 248­249
Team Software Process (TSP)
knowledge areas, 232
teams, 295
learning methods, 227­230
denial of service, 145­146
proposed curricula, 269­273
deployment
ranking of learning channels in
best practices, 154­155
2009, 231
circa 2049, 190­191
topics software engineers need to
paths, 12­14
learn in 2009, 230­233
quantifying, 16­19
undergraduate university
design, 479­480
education, 263­265
best practices, 75­77
vendor, 252­253
circa 2049, 182­184
e-learning, 245­246
views, 481­484
electromagnetic pulse (EMP), 146
desk checking, for defect removal,
electromagnetic radiation,
development
electronic books, 246­247, 258­259
circa 2049, 184­186
e-mail address harvesting, 150
paths, 10­12
EMP. See electromagnetic
practices by size of
pulse (EMP)
application, 11
end user license agreements
quantifying, 16­19
(EULAs), 158­159
development methodology. See
enhancements, 103, 104
development process
best practices, 161­164
development process, 61­62
circa 2049, 191­195
development productivity,
enhancement value of high-
540­541, 581
quality reusable
disposable prototypes, 460
materials, 105
distributed development, vs.
paths, 14­16
colocation, 278­281
enterprise architects, 622
documentation, circa 2049,
enterprise architecture, 475­479
circa 2049, 210­213
dotted line reporting authority, 305
value of increases with
downsizing, best practices for
applications, 477
minimizing harm from, 41­45
entropy, 315
drivers, 286
error-prone modules, 316­318, 514
due diligence, circa 2049, 216­218
essential complexity, 516, 526
estimated software security
costs, 153
E
estimating, defined, 78
earned quality value (EQV), 590
estimating specialists, 626
earned value, 111
EULAs. See end user license
earned-value benchmarks, 422
agreements (EULAs)
e-bombs, 146
evaluation, circa 2049, 204­207
e-books, 246­247, 258­259
evangelists, 236­240
economic value of quality, 123
evolutionary prototypes, 460
education
executable English, 458
commercial, 250­252
Index
651
executives
high-level programming
management support of software
languages, 491
applications, 74­75
as defect prevention, 524
motivation and morale, 47­50
hiring, software personnel, 50
external view, 481
Hull, Raymond, 301
externally caused defects, 513
hybrid assessment and benchmark
studies, 421­422
F
facilitation, 90
I
Fagan, Michael, 124
identity theft, 147
failure benchmarks, 428
insurance, 142
failure rate, 5
IEEE Computer, 257
false positives, 512, 572
IFPUG
focus groups, 121, 458­459
sizing based on IFPUG function
formal inspections, 125
point analysis, 376­379
function point analysis, sizing
See also function point analysis;
based on, 376­379
function points
function point approximations,
-ility words, 561­563
high-speed sizing using,
incidents, 514
industry benchmarks, 413­414
Function Point Outlook tool, 384­
Information Technology
Infrastructure Library
function point specialists, 630­631
(ITIL), 196
function points
information technology (IT)
number of pages created per
organizations, vs. systems
function point, 377
software organizations,
sizing using function point
variations, 380­383
Information Technology Metrics
See also micro function points
and Productivity Institute
functional requirements, 459
Journal, 258
funding, 90
in-house education, 248­249
inspection moderators, 632
G
inspections
Gilb, Tom, 124, 125
best practices, 124­128
governance, 476
as defect prevention, 522­523
best practices, 109­110
instrumentation, 134
graduate university education,
intangible value, 84
intellectual property protection,
gray box testing, 128, 329
best practices, 136­138
See also testing
intepreters, 491
international software
benchmarks, 413
H
international software quality
hacking, 147
foundation (ISQF), proposal for,
hacking protection, best practices,
international software standards,
heisenbug, 134­135
best practices, 135­136
hierarchical organizations,
invalid defects, 512
652
Index
ISO quality benchmarks, 424
proposed curricula, 269­273
ITIL. See Information Technology
ranking of learning channels in
Infrastructure Library (ITIL)
2009, 231
self-study using books, e-books,
and training material,
J
Joint Application Design (JAD),
self-study with CDs or DVDs,
requirements, 459
journals, 257­258
simulation web sites,
K
software journals, 257­258
Kawasaki, Guy, 240
undergraduate university
key practice areas, 120
education, 263­265
keystroke loggers, 147­148
vendor education, 252­253
knowledge areas, circa 2009, 232
web browsing, 244
knowledge representation, 481
webinars, podcasts, and
e-learning, 245­246
L
wiki sites, 255­256
language development
See also knowledge areas;
chronology of, 494
training
history of, 490­491
legacy defects, 514
See also programming languages
licensing
layoff, best practices for minimizing
circa 2049, 218­220
harm from, 41­45
and specialization, 241
learning effectiveness, 230
lines of code (LOC), 17
learning efficiency, 230
circa 1960, 538­539
learning methods
circa 1970, 539­542
commercial education, 250­252
circa 1980, 542­546
education channels available in
circa 1990, 546­548
1995, 229
circa 2000, 548­549
electronic books, 246­247
circa 2010, 549­550
evaluating, 229­230
circa 2020, 550­551
evolution of learning channels,
overview, 537­538
sizing based on, 366­370
gaps in training circa 2009,
litigation
benchmarks, 428
graduate university education,
circa 2049, 221­225
live conferences, 254­255
in-house education, 248­249
LOC. See lines of code (LOC)
live conferences, 254­255
LOC to function point conversion
mentoring, 260
ratios of logical source code
new directions in software
statements to function
learning, 267­268
points, 387
omissions from, 227­228,
sizing legacy applications based
on-the-job training, 259­260
logistical view,
professional books, monographs,
and technical reports, 260­263
Index
653
M
monographs, 260­263
monthly status reports, 406
macro viruses, 151
motivation and morale
maintenance, 103
of managers and executives,
benchmarks, 417­418
best practices, 161­164
of technical staff, 45­47
circa 2049, 191­195
kinds of maintenance work, 311
maintenance value of high-
N
quality reusable
nature, 60
materials, 104
defined, 65
paths, 14­16
navigators, 286
quantifying, 16­19
neutral practices, 17, 24, 35
software maintenance
See also best practices; worst
organizations, 309­322
practices
specialists, 631­632
nonfunctional requirements, 459
maintenance assignment scope,
Northern Scope, 53
malicious software engineers,
O
object code, 491
malware, 148
object-oriented (OO) paradigm,
management consultants, best
practices, 58­59
observers, 286
managers
occupation titles, 235­236
motivation and morale, 47­50
one-person projects, 284­286
training, 89­91
online education, 229
mandelbug, 135
on-the-job training, 259­260
manual unit testing, for defect
open benchmarks, 429
removal, 533­535
organization structures
matrix management, 304­308
best practices, 87­89
measurements, as defect
customer support organizations,
prevention, 527­528
measurements and metrics, best
hierarchical organizations,
practices, 110­112
mentoring, 260
matrix organizations, 304­308
methodologies, as defect
one-person projects, 284­286
prevention, 527­528
pair programming, 286­289
methodologies, practices, and
self-organizing Agile teams,
results, 24­29
methodology benchmarks, 418­419
software maintenance
Metric Views, 257
organizations, 309­322
micro function points, 318
software quality assurance (SQA)
milestone tracking, best practices,
organizations, 342­348
software test organizations,
milestones
defined, 116
specialist organizations, 308­309
tracking milestones for large
Team Software Process (TSP)
software projects, 404­405
teams, 293­298
654
Index
outsourcing
podcasts, 245­246
best practices, 53­58
polymorphic viruses, 151
circa 2049, 195­204
portfolio analysis, circa 2049,
distribution of outsource results
after 24 months, 54
private defect removal, 529­530
overall software cost and resource
Priven, Lew, 124
benchmarks, 414
problem complexity, 392, 451
problem domains of software
applications, 500
P
problem tracking, 403­408
pair programming, 108, 286­289
process assessments, 411­412
as defect prevention, 528
productivity rates
partly open benchmarks, 429­430
customer support
pattern matching
organizations, 326
initial starting values for sizing
hierarchical organizations, 303
by, 395
matrix organizations, 307
requirements, 459­460
one-person projects, 285
sizing based on, 389­401
pair programming, 288
pattern view, 482
self-organizing Agile teams,
patterns, 389
150 applications sized used
software maintenance
pattern matching, 396­400
organizations, 320
architectural, 76­77
software quality assurance (SQA)
as defect prevention, 521­522
organizations, 345
staffing patterns for software
software test organizations, 338
projects, 88
Team Software Process (TSP)
payloads, 152
teams, 296
performance benchmarks, 426­427
professional malpractice
performance issues, 515­516
defined, 34
performance specialists, 627
methods and practices considered
personnel
professional malpractice, 34
appraisals and career planning,
profilers, 134
programming
motivation and morale, 45­47
best practices, 107­109
ratio of specialists to general
history of, 490­491
software personnel, 241­243
pair programming, 108
selection and hiring of, 50
programming languages, 492­495
See also specialists
chronology of programming
Peter, Lawrence J., 301
language development, 494
the Peter Principle, 301
creating a national programming
phase-level productivity and
language translation center,
quality benchmarks, 415­416
phishing, 148
estimated number of software
See also spear phishing
engineers by language, 507
physical security, 148
how many needed, 499­501
piracy, 148­149
how many programmers use
planning
various languages,
best practices, 77­78
defined, 78
Index
655
impact of multiple languages
protecting intellectual property,
on cost, 505
best practices, 136­138
multiple languages in the same
prototypes, 460
applications, 504­505
as defect prevention, 525
popularity of, 494­499
typed vs. un-typed, 494
Q
used for critical software
quality
applications, 503
applying definitions to Vista,
progress tracking, 403­408
project class, 391, 449­450
customer support organizations,
project management
numbers and size ranges of
defining, 558­565
project management
economic value of quality, 633­642
tools, 356
hierarchical organizations, 303
overview, 351­359
impact of creeping requirements,
performance circa 2009, 352
performance on successful and
matrix organizations, 307
unsuccessful projects, 355
measuring, 585­587
potential performance
one-person projects, 285
by 2019, 353
overview, 555­558
See also sizing of software
pair programming, 289
applications
rank order of quality factors by
project nature, 390, 448­449
importance, 577
project offices, 78
return on investment in quality,
project planning, best practices,
self-organizing Agile teams, 292
project risk analysis, best practices,
software maintenance
organizations, 320­321
project scope, 390­391, 449
software quality assurance (SQA)
project size
organizations, 346
customer support
software test organizations, 339
organizations, 326
Team Software Process (TSP)
hierarchical organizations, 303
teams, 296
matrix organizations, 306­307
value of for applications of 100
one-person projects, 284­285
function points, 636­637
pair programming, 288
value of for applications of 1000
self-organizing Agile
function points, 637­638
teams, 291
value of for applications of 10,000
software maintenance
function points, 638­639
organizations, 319
value of for applications of
software quality assurance (SQA)
100,000 function points,
organizations, 345
software test organizations, 338
See also defect prevention; defect
Team Software Process (TSP)
removal
teams, 295­296
quality benchmarks, 422­423
project type, 391­392, 450
quality function deployment (QFD),
project value analysis, best
requirements, 460­461
practices, 83­84
quality specialists, 619­632
656
Index
R
use-cases, 466
user stories, 466­467
Radice, Ron, 124
requirements analysis, circa 2049,
recalls, best practices, 158­159
refactoring, 162
requirements analysts, 629­630
releases, best practices, 164­165
requirements changes, sizing,
renovation, 14, 313, 499­500
renovation productivity, 314
requirements churn, 202, 402, 403
requirements, 439
requirements creep, 402, 403
Agile requirements with
quality impacts of, 584­585
embedded users, 456
requirements of software
completeness by software
applications, best practices,
size, 445
creating taxonomies of reusable
reusability, best practices, 99­101
software requirements,
reusable materials
certification of, 101­107
creeping requirements, 457
customer support value of
data mining for legacy
high-quality reusable
requirements, 457­458
materials, 105
defects by application size, 446
development value of
defects per function point, 445
high-quality reusable
engineering, 461
materials, 103
executable English, 458
enhancement value of
focus groups, 458­459
high-quality reusable
functional and nonfunctional
materials, 105
requirements, 459
maintenance value of
inspections, 462
high-quality reusable
Joint Application Design
materials, 104
(JAD), 459
total cost of ownership of
pages per function point, 444
high-quality reusable
pages produced by application
materials, 106
size, 444
reusable requirements, 463­464
pattern matching, 459­460
reused defects, 514
prototypes, 460
reverse appraisals, of technical
quality function deployment
staff, 45­46
(QFD), 460­461
risk analysis, best practices, 81­83
reusable requirements, 463­464
risk analysis specialists, 620­622
security requirements
rogue security sites, 144
deployment (SRD), 464­465
root users, 149
statistical analysis of software
rootkits, 149
requirements, 442­447
structure and contents of
software requirements,
S
SANS report, 509­512
toxic requirements that cause
Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act,
serious harm, 446
traceability, 462­463
schedules
unified modeling language
customer support
(UML), 465­466
organizations, 326
Index
657
hierarchical organizations, 303
Shoulders Corporation, project
matrix organizations, 307
tracking method, 116
one-person projects, 285
simulation web sites, 256­257
pair programming, 288
Six Sigma
self-organizing Agile teams, 292
benchmarks, 423­424
software maintenance
as defect prevention, 528
organizations, 320
specialists, 622
software quality assurance (SQA)
size of application, 60
organizations, 345­346
sizing of software applications,
software test organizations, 339
Team Software Process (TSP)
based on IFPUG function point
teams, 296
analysis, 376­379
schrodenbug, 135
based on pattern matching,
scope, defined, 65
scope control, best practices,
best practices, 51­53
deliverables whose sizes should
scope managers, 53
be quantified, 360­361
Scrum masters, 291
high-speed sizing using function
Scrum sessions, 290­291
point approximations,
secondhand defects, 512­513
security analysis and control, best
legacy applications based on
practices, 132­134
backfiring or LOC to function
security benchmarks, 424­425
point conversion, 385­389
security costs, 153
requirements changes, 401­402
security requirements deployment
traditional sizing based on
(SRD), 464­465
lines of code (LOC) metrics,
security specialists, 624­625
security view, 482
traditional sizing by analogy,
security vulnerabilities, 514
segmentation, as defect prevention,
using function point variations,
SEI scoring system for the
using story point metrics,
CMM, 419
selecting software methods, tools,
using use-case metrics,
and practices, best practices,
See also scope control
self-organizing Agile teams,
smart card hijacking, 149
SOA. See service-oriented
self-study
architecture (SOA)
using books, e-books, and
software architecture, 470­475
training material, 258­259
value of increases with structural
using CDs or DVDs, 249­250
size, 471
Software Assurance (SwA), 139
Selling of the Dream
(Kawasaki), 240
software compensation
Service and Support Professionals
benchmarks, 426
Association (SSPA), 323­324
software design, 479­480
service-oriented architecture
views, 481­484
(SOA), 101, 181­182, 474
software journals, 257­258
658
Index
software learning, circa 2049,
one-person projects, 285­286
pair programming, 289
software outsource vs. internal
self-organizing Agile teams, 292
performance benchmarks, 417
software maintenance
software package evaluation and
organizations, 321
acquisition, circa 2049, 204­207
software quality assurance (SQA)
software personnel. See personnel
organizations, 347
software personnel and skill
software test organizations, 340
benchmarks, 425­426
Team Software Process (TSP)
software quality assurance (SQA)
teams, 296­297
best practices, 120­124
varieties of circa 2009, 236­241
organizations, 342­348
SPR assessment scoring system, 420
specialists, 627­628
sprints, 52, 292, 527
Software Security State of the Art
spyware, 150­151
Report (SOAR), 139
spyware protection, best practices,
software test organizations,
SQA. See software quality
software turnover and attrition
assurance (SQA)
benchmarks, 426
SSPA. See Service and Support
solid line reporting authority, 305
Professionals Association (SSPA)
source code, 491
staffing patterns for software
Southern Scope, 53
projects, 88
SOX. See Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act
standards, best practices, 135­136
spam, 149­150
Starr, Paul, 218­219
span of control, 89, 290
static analysis, best practices,
spear phishing, 150
See also phishing
status reports, 406
specialist organizations, 308­309
Stewart, Roger, 124
specialists
story point metrics, sizing using,
best practices for use of, 92­94
the challenge of organizing,
strong matrix, 306
See also matrix management
circa 2009, 233­236
structural view, 481
distribution of specialists for
structured programming, 525
1000 total software staff, 283
subroutine testing, for defect
occupation groups, 93­94
removal, 533
quality specialists, 619­632
systems analysis. See business
ratio of specialists to general
analysis
software personnel, 241­243
systems analysts, 626­627
See also personnel
systems software organizations,
specialization
vs. information technology (IT)
customer support
organizations, 277­278
organizations, 327
hierarchical organizations, 304
T
impact on software quality, 621
tangible financial value, 83
in large software organizations,
taxonomies, proposed taxonomy for
software methodology analysis,
matrix organizations, 307­308
Index
659
TCO. See total cost of
total cost of ownership (TCO), 106
ownership (TCO)
toxic requirements, 516
Team Software Process (TSP)
traceability, 119
taxonomy for software
tracking progress and problems,
methodology analysis, 67
teams, 293­298
training
teams, overview, 275­277
best practices for training clients
technical reports, 260­263
or users of software, 155­156
technical staff
best practices for training
motivation and morale, 45­47
managers, 89­91
skill sets needed, 92
best practices for training
training best practices, 91­92
technical personnel, 91­92
See also personnel
gaps in training circa 2009,
technical writers, 631
technology selection, circa 2049,
proposed curricula, 269­273
See also learning methods
technology transfer, circa 2049,
training material, 258­259
Trojans, 151
terminating legacy applications,
troubled projects, best practices,
best practices, 166­167
test case coverage, 122
turning around troubled projects,
test coverage benchmarks,
best practices, 84­86
turnover benchmarks, 426
test-based development (TBD), as
type, 60
defect prevention, 523­524
defined, 65
test-driven development
(TDD), 330
U
testers, 630
UCITA. See Uniform Computer
testing
Information Transaction Act
best practices, 128­132
(UCITA)
black box testing, 128, 329, 533
undergraduate university
by customers or users, 129
education, 263­265
by developers, 128
undetected defects, 513
gray box testing, 128, 329
unified modeling language (UML),
software test organizations,
requirements, 465­466
Uniform Computer Information
test cases for selected test
Transaction Act (UCITA),
stages, 335
by test specialists or software
unit tests, 329, 533­536
quality assurance, 129
updates, best practices, 164­165
test staffing for selected test
usability labs, 121
stages, 333
usability specialists, 624
unit tests, 329
usage benchmarks, 427­428
white box testing, 128, 329,
use-case metrics
requirements, 466
The Social Transformation of
sizing using, 373­376
American Medicine (Starr),
user documentation, circa 2049,
660
Index
web browsing, 244
user groups and forums, 121
web designers, 628­629
user involvement in software
web sites, simulation, 256­257
projects, best practices, 72­73
webinars, 229, 245­246
user stories, requirements,
whaling, 152
white box testing, 128, 329,
V
See also testing
value analysis
wiki sites, 98, 255­256
best practices, 83­84
wireless security leaks, 152
intangible value, 84
withdrawing legacy applications,
tangible financial value, 83
best practices, 166­167
vendor education, 252­253
worms, 152
vendor project management, 90
worst practices, 17
virtual environments, 97­98
See also best practices; neutral
virus protection, best practices,
practices
viruses, 151
Z
Zachman, John, 75
W
Zachman architectural schema,
war driving, 152
warranties, best practices, 158­159
zombies, 146
weak matrix, 306
See also matrix management
Table of Contents:
  1. Introduction and Definitions of Software Best Practices:Paths for Software Deployment
  2. Overview of 50 Software Best Practices:Best Practices for Outsourcing Software Applications
  3. A Preview of Software Development and Maintenance in 2049:Requirements Analysis Circa 2049
  4. How Software Personnel Learn New Skills:The Evolution of Software Learning Channels
  5. Software Team Organization and Specialization:Quantifying Organizational Results
  6. Project Management and Software Engineering:Software Progress and Problem Tracking
  7. Requirements, Business Analysis, Architecture, Enterprise Architecture, and Design:Software Requirements
  8. Programming and Code Development:How Many Programming Languages Are Really Needed?
  9. Software Quality: The Key to Successful Software Engineering, Measuring Software Quality, Software Defect Removal
  10. Index